map

Description

The map command is a looping operator that runs a search repeatedly for each input event or result. You can run the map command on a saved search or an ad hoc search.

This command is considered risky because, if used incorrectly, it can pose a security risk or potentially lose data when it runs. As a result, this command triggers SPL safeguards. See SPL safeguards for risky commands in Securing the Splunk Platform.

Syntax

The required syntax is in bold.

map

(<searchoption> | <savedsplunkoption>)

[maxsearches=int]

Required arguments

You must specify either <savedsplunkoption> or <searchoption>.

<savedsplunkoption>

Syntax: <string>

Description: The name of a saved search to run for each input result.

Default: No default.

<searchoption>

Syntax: search="<string>"

Description: An ad hoc search to run for each input result. For example:

...| map search="search index=_internal earliest=$myearliest$ latest=$mylatest$".

Default: No default.

Optional arguments

maxsearches

Syntax: maxsearches=<int>

Description: The maximum number of searches to run. A message is generated if there are more search results than the maximum number that you specify. Zero ( 0 ) does not equate to unlimited searches.

Default: 10

Usage

The map command is a dataset processing command. See Command types.

A subsearch can be initiated through a search command such as the map command. See Initiating subsearches with search commands in the Splunk Cloud Platform Search Manual.

Known limitations

You cannot use the map command after an append or appendpipe command in your search pipeline.

Variable for field names

When using a saved search or a literal search, the map command supports the substitution of $variable$ strings that match field names in the input results. A search with a string like $count$, for example, will replace the variable with the value of the count field in the input search result.

When using the map command in a dashboard <form>, use double dollar signs ($$) to specify a variable string. For example, $$count$$. See Dashboards and forms.

Certain variables for field names might conflict with token names and produce unpredictable search results. For example, the following are some variables for field names that might conflict with token names:

• $alert.expires$
• $alert.severity$
• $cron_schedule$
• $description$
• $name$
• $search$

Search ID field

The map command also supports a search ID field, provided as $_serial_id$. The search ID field will have a number that increases incrementally each time that the search is run. In other words, the first run search will have the ID value 1, and the second 2, and so on.

Basic examples

1. Invoke the map command with a saved search

error | localize | map mytimebased_savedsearch

2. Map the start and end time values

... | map search="search starttimeu::$start$ endtimeu::$end$" maxsearches=10

3. Use the map command with a subsearch

For complex ad hoc searches, use a subsearch for your map search. Alternatively, you can escape double quotation marks with backslashes ( \" ) in your ad hoc map search, as shown in example 4.

You can use a subsearch with the map command like this:

| makeresults count=4 | streamstats count | eval field="hello".count | map [ makeresults | eval pony=1,field="$field$",serial="$_serial_id$",hello="buttercup"]

The search results look something like this:

_time	field	hello	pony	serial
2024-01-04 17:23:42	hello1	buttercup	1	1
2024-01-04 17:23:42	hello2	buttercup	1	2
2024-01-04 17:23:42	hello3	buttercup	1	3
2024-01-04 17:23:42	hello4	buttercup	1	4

4. Use the map command by escaping double quotation marks

As an alternative to example 3, you can escape double quotation marks with backslashes ( \" ) in your map ad hoc searches like this:

| makeresults count=4 | eval field="hello" | map search="| makeresults | eval pony=1,field=\"$field$\",serial=\"$_serial_id$\",hello=\"buttercup\" "

The search results look something like this:

_time	field	hello	pony	serial
2024-01-04 17:23:42	hello	buttercup	1	1
2024-01-04 17:23:42	hello	buttercup	1	2
2024-01-04 17:23:42	hello	buttercup	1	3
2024-01-04 17:23:42	hello	buttercup	1	4

Extended examples

1. Use a Sudo event to locate the user logins

This example illustrates how to find a Sudo event and then use the map command to trace back to the computer and the time that users logged on before the Sudo event. Start with the following search for the Sudo event.

sourcetype=syslog sudo | stats count by user host

This search returns a table of results.

User	Host	Count
userA	serverA	1
userB	serverA	3
userA	serverB	2

Pipe these results into the map command, substituting the username.

sourcetype=syslog sudo | stats count by user host | map search="search index=ad_summary username=$user$ type_logon=ad_last_logon"

It takes each of the three results from the previous search and searches in the ad_summary index for the logon event for the user. The results are returned as a table.

_time	computername	computertime	username	usertime
10/12/16 8:31:35.00 AM	Workstation$	10/12/2016 08:25:42	userA	10/12/2016 08:31:35 AM

(Thanks to Splunk user Alacercogitatus for this example.)

See also

Commands

gentimes

search