noun
A remote source of data that you search with federated searches. Federated providers can be Splunk Enterprise deployments, Splunk Cloud Platform environments, or Amazon S3 buckets. A single federated search can reference multiple federated providers.
The link between a Splunk platform deployment and a federated provider is governed by a federated provider definition, which you create and manage in Splunk Web, and store on the Splunk platform deployment from which the federated search is run.
In the Federated Search Manual: