summary index
noun
An index that is populated by the results of a scheduled search. Summary indexes are designed to help you run fast, efficient searches over large data sets by allowing the cost of a computationally expensive report to be spread over time.
The search that populates the summary index extracts the precise information you want from this dataset, on a regular, frequent interval. You can then run searches and reports on this significantly smaller (and thus seemingly "faster") summary index. These reports are statistically accurate because of the frequency of the index-populating search. So a search over the past week--that might ordinarily take several minutes on a standard index--completes in well under a minute when run against a properly designed and populated summary index.
For more information
In the Knowledge Manager Manual: